The Blueprint

The Blueprint is a hierarchical structure describing common concepts in programming languages. These concepts are used to describe the prerequisites of assignments and the concepts that can be practiced with the assignment. Below is a mind map of the blueprint and a textual representation.

Textual representation

Expressions

Operators

• relational operators
• logical operators
• arithmetic operators
• bit operators

Evaluation

• precedence
• lazy evaluation

Data

User-defined structures

• trees
• stacks
• queues
• graphs

Type conversion

• coercion
• casting

Types (built-in)

• primitive

  • char
  • boolean

  • numeric

    • int
    • float

• composite

  • dictionaries

    • map
  • sets

  • sequences

    • lists
    • strings
    • tuples
  • array

Multi-threading

Synchronization

Design principles

Top-down

Bottom-up

Object orientation (OO)

Objects

• instantiation

  • cloning
• garbage collection
• referencing

Access modifiers

• public
• protected
• private
• package private

Inheritance

• overriding
• duck typing (polymorphism)
• extension
• class inheritance
• interface inheritance

• abstract classes

  • abstract methods

Interfaces

• interface methods
• default methods
• interface constants

Classes

• methods

  • static methods
  • instance methods
  • final methods
  • overloading

• fields

  • final fields
• final class
• constructors

Testing

Manual testing

Automated testing

Coding conventions

Naming conventions

• PEP 8
• Java Code Conventions

Comments

Documentation

• JavaDoc
• Docstring

environment

IDE

• debugging
• editor
• compiler

Version control

• git

Build management tools

• maven
• pip
• gradle

Libraries

• guizero
• numpy
• random
• pandas
• java.util.stream

Testing frameworks

• JUnit
• pytest

Packaging

• JAR-files

IO

Files

• text

  • plain
  • JSON

• binary

  • excel

Standard

• input
• print

Imperative programming

Functions

• signature

  • arguments/parameters

    • positional
    • keyword (kwargs)
    • default values

    • arbitrary number of arguments

      • *args
      • **kwargs
      • …

  • return type

• calling functions
• return

• anonymous function

  • lambda

    • functional interfaces
    • method references

• algorithms

  • algorithm specifications
  • correctness
  • recursion

  • non-functional properties

    • computational complexity
    • termination
• creating/defining

Variables

• constants

• scope

  • global variables
  • local variables
• assignment
• variable declaration

Control flow

Conditionals

• switch
• if

Loops

• for
• while
• foreach

Exceptions

Jumping

• break
• continue